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| |
Empagliflozin
|
Sitagliptin
|
p value
|
|---|
|
Age (years)
|
52.8 ± 9.7
|
47.8 ± 11.5
|
0.140
|
|
Sex (males/females), n (%)
|
16 (76.2)/5 (23.8)
|
15 (71.4)/6 (28.6)
|
0.726
|
|
Duration of diabetes (years)
|
3.9 ± 3.7
|
3.0 ± 2.7
|
0.403
|
|
Body weight (kg)
|
80.3 ± 19.0
|
84.4 ± 16.1
|
0.469
|
|
Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
28.6 ± 4.8
|
30.0 ± 5.0
|
0.398
|
|
HbA1c (%)
|
7.1 ± 0.8
|
7.0 ± 0.9
|
0.684
|
|
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)
|
86.5 ± 19.0
|
87.1 ± 14.4
|
0.907
|
|
Fasting plasma insulin (μU/mL)
|
13.7 ± 7.1
|
14.4 ± 9.5
|
0.795
|
|
Free fatty acid (μEq/L)
|
710.2 ± 164.2
|
689.8 ± 209.0
|
0.727
|
|
BNP (pg/mL)
|
8.9 ± 5.8
|
13.5 ± 12.8
|
0.138
|
|
Pericardial fat (mm2)
|
2310.1 ± 1065.1
|
2462.0 ± 947.7
|
0.628
|
|
Myocardial triglyceride content (%)
|
5.9 ± 9.8
|
3.1 ± 3.1
|
0.220
|
|
Microvascular complications, n (%)
|
|
Diabetic retinopathy
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
–
|
|
Diabetic nephropathy
|
1 (4.8)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1.000
|
|
Diabetic neuropathy
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
–
|
|
Macrovascular complications, n (%)
|
|
Cerebrovascular disease
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
–
|
|
Coronary disease
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
–
|
|
Peripheral arterial disease
|
1 (4.8)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1.000
|
|
Anti-diabetic drugs, n (%)
|
|
α-Glucosidase inhibitors
|
5 (23.8)
|
5 (23.8)
|
1.000
|
|
Glinides
|
4 (19.0)
|
3 (14.3)
|
1.000
|
|
Sulfonylureas
|
7 (33.3)
|
7 (33.3)
|
1.000
|
|
Antihypertensive drugs, n (%)
|
|
Diuretic drugs
|
1 (4.8)
|
2 (9.5)
|
1.000
|
|
Calcium channel blockers
|
6 (28.6)
|
3 (14.3)
|
0.454
|
|
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
–
|
|
Angiotensin II receptor blockers
|
7 (33.3)
|
2 (9.5)
|
0.130
|
|
α-Blockers
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
–
|
|
β-blockers
|
1 (4.8)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1.000
|
- Data are presented as the mean ± SD or n (%); n = 21 for both groups. p values < 0.05 indicate significant differences. Comparisons were performed using the Chi-square test for categorical variables and two-sample t-tests for continuous variables. BNP: brain natriuretic peptide, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate
