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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of eligible studies

From: Effect of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiac structure and function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with or without chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis

Author Publication year Study design Trial Country/area Intervention in treatment and control arms Population Overall sample size (n) Follow-up period Age (year, mean ± SD) Sex (male%) Imaging Parameters
Januzzi 2017 RCT – Multiple countries and areas Canagliflozin 100 mg/day or 300 mg/day; placebo Older patients with T2DM 666 52 weeks 63.74 ± 6.31 57.27% – NT-proBNP
Bonora 2019 RCT DAPA-HDL Italy Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM, excluding HF patients with NYHA classes III-IV 30 12 weeks 63.4 ± 6.9 66.70% ICG LVEF
Brown 2020 RCT DAPA-LVH UK Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM, excluding patients diagnosed as clinical HF 66 12 months 65.53 ± 6.87 57.60% MRI; ECHO LVMI, LVEF, GLS, E/e', NT-proBNP
Ikonomidis 2020 RCT – Greece SGLT2i; standard care without SGLT2i T2DM 160 12 months 58 ± 10 72% ECHO LVEF, GLS
Katakami 2020 RCT UTOPIA Japan Tofogliflozin 20 mg/day; conventional drugs T2DM 340 52 weeks 61.10 ± 9.49 58.40% – NT-proBNP
Kayano 2020 RCT – Japan Dapagliflozin 5 mg/day; conventional therapy T2DM candidates with hypertension (grade 1 or 2) and/or a history of ischemic heart disease 74 6 months 67.65 ± 8.53 89.18% ECHO E/eʹ, NT-proBNP
Oldgren 2020 RCT DAPACARD Sweden and Finland Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (≥ 50%) assessed within 1 year 49 6 weeks 64.4 ± 7.2 53% MRI GLS
Shim 2020 RCT IDDIA Korea Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM and LV diastolic dysfunction 60 24 weeks – – ECHO LVMI, LAVI, E/eʹ
Verma 2019 RCT EMPA-HEART CardioLink-6 Canada Empagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM and CAD, excluding patients with an LVEF < 30%, NYHA class IV or hospitalized for decompensated HF within the preceding 3 months 97 6 months 67.6 ± 6.6 80% MRI LVMI, LVEDVI, LVESVI, LAVI, LVEF, E/eʹ, NT-proBNP
Anker 2020 RCT EMPEROR-Reduced Multiple countries and areas Empagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM and CHF 1856 52 weeks 66.70 ± 10.15 76.90% – KCCQ, NT-proBNP
Bhatt 2020 RCT SOLOIST-WHF Multiple countries and areas Sotagliflozin 200 mg/day; placebo T2DM recently hospitalized for worsening heart failure 1222 4 months 69.90 ± 9.34 66.24% – KCCQ
Carbone 2020 RCT CANA-HF US Canagliflozin 100 mg/day; sitagliptin 100 mg/day T2DM and HFrEF 36 12 weeks 56.1 ± 7.8 77.77% ECHO LVEDVI, LVESVI, LVEF, E/eʹ
de Boer 2020 RCT – Multiple countries and areas Empagliflozin 25 mg/day; placebo T2DM and CHF 63 12 weeks 68.02 ± 9.10 61.93% – NT-proBNP
Eickhoff 2020 RCT (crossover) DapKid Denmark Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM and CHF 40 12 weeks 64 ± 8 89% ECHO LVMI, LVEF, GLS, E/eʹ, NT-proBNP
Ejiri 2020 RCT MUSCAT-HF Japan Luseogliflozin 2.5 mg/day; voglibose T2DM and HFpEF 165 12 weeks 73.1412 ± 7.8130 62.52% ECHO LVMI, LAVI, LVEF, E/eʹ, NT-proBNP
Griffin 2020 RCT (crossover) – US Empagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM and HF 20 14 days 60 ± 12 75% – NT-proBNP
Januzzi 2020 RCT CANVAS; CANVAS-R Multiple countries and areas Canagliflozin 100 or 300 mg/day; placebo T2DM and high risk for cardiovascular events 3587 1 year 62.6999 ± 7.8670 67% – NT-proBNP
Mordi 2020 RCT (crossover) RECEDE-CHF UK Empagliflozin 25 mg/day; placebo T2DM and CHF 23 6 weeks 69.8 ± 5.7 73.90% – NT-proBNP
Petrie 2020 RCT DAPA-HF Multiple countries and areas Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM and HFrEF 2139 8 months 66.50 ± 9.85 77.70% – NT-proBNP, KCCQ
Singh 2020 RCT REFORM UK Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day; placebo T2DM and CHF 56 1 year 67.1 66.10% MRI LVMI, LVEDVI, LVESVI, LAVI, LVEF
Tanaka 2020 RCT CANDLE Japan Canagliflozin 100 mg/day; glimepiride 0.5 to 6.0 mg/day T2DM and HF 233 24 weeks 68.6 ± 10.1 74.71% ECHO LVEF, E/e', NT-proBNP
  1. RCT randomized controlled trial, SGLT2i sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, HF heart failure, CHF chronic heart failure, HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HFpEF heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, CAD coronary artery disease, CV cardiovascular, NYHA New York Heart Association, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, ECHO echocardiography, ICG impedance cardiography, LVMI left ventricular mass indexed by body surface area, LVEDVI left ventricular end diastolic volume indexed by body surface area, LVESVI left ventricular end systolic volume indexed by body surface area, LAVI left atrial volume indexed by body surface area, GLS global longitudinal strain: E/e' mitral inflow to mitral relaxation velocity ratio, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, KCCQ the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, UK the United Kingdom, US the United States
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840