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Variables
Total population
P value
Patients with diabetes
P value
Patients without diabetes
P value
Diabetes
Non-diabetes
MT
Successful PCI
MT
Successful PCI
(n = 755)
(n = 1260)
(n = 506)
(n = 249)
(n = 791)
(n = 469)
Age, years
65.1 ± 9.8
63.8 ± 10.7
0.022
65.6 ± 10.2
64.1 ± 8.9
0.081
64.3 ± 11.0
62.9 ± 10.1
0.025
Male
527 (69.8)
1021 (81.0)
< 0.001
357 (70.6)
170 (68.3)
0.521
650 (82.2)
371 (79.1)
0.179
Smoking
275 (36.4)
583 (46.3)
< 0.001
188 (37.2)
87 (34.9)
0.237
364 (46.0)
219 (46.7)
0.816
Hypertension
572 (75.8)
803 (63.7)
< 0.001
389 (76.9)
183 (73.5)
0.308
508 (64.2)
295 (62.9)
0.637
Dyslipidemia
585 (77.5)
900 (71.4)
0.015
399 (78.9)
186 (74.7)
0.191
565 (71.4)
335 (71.4)
0.740
Familial history of CAD
63 (8.3)
164 (13.0)
0.001
44 (8.7)
19 (7.6)
0.619
100 (12.6)
41 (14.4)
0.609
Previous MI
309 (40.9)
383 (30.4)
< 0.001
215 (42.5)
94 (37.8)
0.213
271 (34.3)
112 (23.9)
< 0.001
CKD
91 (12.1)
102 (8.1)
< 0.001
67 (13.2)
24 (9.6)
0.138
75 (9.5)
27 (5.8)
0.019
Heart failure
159 (21.1)
181 (14.4)
0.004
110 (21.7)
49 (19.7)
0.514
140 (17.7)
41 (8.7)
< 0.001
LVEF
52.0 ± 10.5
53.2 ± 9.2
0.010
51.4 ± 11.1
53.3 ± 9.1
0.320
52.3 ± 9.6
54.8 ± 8.1
< 0.001
Insulin-dependent DM
315 (41.7)
–
–
219 (43.3)
96 (38.6)
0.208
–
–
–
Baseline medication
Aspirin
727 (96.3)
1216 (96.5)
0.800
484 (95.7)
243 (97.6)
0.185
759 (96.0)
457 (97.4)
0.165
Clopidogrel
704 (93.2)
1181 (93.7)
0.668
467 (92.3)
237 (95.2)
0.137
723 (91.4)
458 (97.7)
< 0.001
Statin
726 (96.2)
1205 (95.6)
0.337
487 (96.2)
239 (96.0)
0.861
756 (95.6)
449 (95.7)
0.893
β blocker
562 (74.4)
957 (76.0)
0.445
382 (75.5)
180 (72.3)
0.343
591 (74.7)
366 (78.0)
0.182
ACEI or ARB
506 (67.0)
780 (61.9)
0.021
358 (70.8)
148 (59.4)
0.002
493 (62.3)
287 (61.2)
0.689
One CTO lesion
643 (85.2)
1104 (87.6)
0.116
434 (85.8)
209 (83.9)
0.505
697 (88.1)
407 (86.8)
0.486
Two CTO lesions
106 (14.0)
144 (11.4)
0.085
68 (13.4)
38 (15.3)
0.498
87 (11.0)
57 (12.2)
0.533
LAD
237 (31.4)
452 (35.9)
0.040
137 (27.1)
100 (40.2)
< 0.001
262 (33.1)
190 (40.5)
0.008
LCX
243 (32.2)
348 (27.6)
0.029
182 (36.0)
61 (24.5)
0.002
243 (30.7)
105 (22.4)
0.001
RCA
377 (49.9)
604 (47.9)
0.385
259 (51.2)
118 (47.4)
0.327
379 (47.9)
225 (48.0)
0.983
Multivessel disease
630 (83.4)
981 (77.9)
0.002
437 (86.4)
193 (77.7)
0.002
683 (86.3)
298 (63.5)
< 0.001
Proximal or mid
514 (68.1)
909 (72.1)
0.053
336 (66.4)
187 (71.5)
0.159
554 (70.0)
355 (75.7)
0.030
CTO location
Blunt stump
313 (41.5)
556 (44.1)
0.241
259 (51.2)
54 (21.7)
< 0.001
408 (51.6)
148 (31.6)
< 0.001
Calcification
141 (18.7)
220 (17.5)
0.491
109 (21.5)
32 (12.9)
0.004
158 (20.0)
63 (13.2)
0.002
Bending > 45°
337 (44.6)
549 (43.6)
0.641
221 (43.7)
116 (46.9)
0.449
363 (45.9)
186 (39.7)
0.031
Length ≥ 20 mm
477 (63.2)
810 (64.3)
0.617
320 (63.2)
157 (63.1)
0.960
505 (63.8)
305 (65.0)
0.670
J-CTO score
1.66 ± 1.16
1.67 ± 1.17
0.930
1.78 ± 1.23
1.41 ± 0.98
< 0.001
1.80 ± 1.24
1.47 ± 1.03
< 0.001
SYNTAX score
23.6 ± 8.7
21.1 ± 8.3
0.044
24.6 ± 9.1
21.5 ± 7.5
0.308
22.6 ± 8.8
18.9 ± 6.9
0.003
Number of stents
–
–
–
–
1.46 ± 0.76
–
–
1.92 ± 0.99
–
Total stent length, mm
–
–
–
–
42.1 ± 23.1
–
–
23.8 ± 24.2
–
Contrast volume, ml
175 ± 76
179 ± 85
0.844
150 ± 64
228 ± 72
< 0.001
151 ± 74
226 ± 83
< 0.001
Coronary dissection
–
–
–
–
11 (4.4)
–
–
15 (3.2)
–
Coronary perforation
–
–
–
–
2 (0.8)
–
–
6 (1.3)
–
In-hospital death
5 (0.7)
5 (0.4)
0.622
–
–
–
–
–
–
Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation or n (%)
ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin-receptor blocker, CAD coronary artery disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, CTO chronic total occlusion, DM diabetes mellitus, J -CTO Japanese-chronic total occlusion, LAD left ascending coronary artery, LCX left circumflex coronary artery, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MI myocardial infarction, MT medical therapy, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, RCA right coronary artery
