Table 1 Patient characteristics
| Diabetes mellitus No. of patients (527) (%) | Non-diabetic No. of patients (780) (%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 65 ± 10 | 64 ± 12 | 0.096 |
| Sex (male) | 399 (76) | 645 (83) | 0.003 |
| Hypertension | 375 (71) | 411 (53) | < 0.001 |
| Current smokers | 158 (30) | 286 (37) | 0.020 |
| Dyslipidemia | 399 (76) | 486 (63) | < 0.001 |
| COPD | 21 (5) | 27 (5) | 0.641 |
| Family history of CAD | 118 (24) | 190 (25) | 0.632 |
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean ± SD) | 28.4 ± 8 | 28 ± 16.4 | 0.701 |
| Prior MI | 154 (29) | 213 (27) | 0.445 |
| Prior PCI | 157 (30) | 156 (20) | < 0.001 |
| Renal impairment | 61 (12) | 44 (6) | < 0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 63 (12) | 60 (8) | 0.013 |
| CVA/TIA | 54 (10) | 59 (8) | 0.108 |
| Congestive heart failure | 55 (10) | 33 (4) | < 0.001 |
| On-site cardiac surgery unit | 274 (52) | 417 (53) | 0.642 |
| Prior medications | |||
| Insulin | 89 (20) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| Oral antihyperglycemic agents | 320 (69) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| Aspirin | 297 (65) | 294 (44) | < 0.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 43 (9) | 37 (6) | 0.015 |
| ACE-I | 148 (48) | 97 (23) | < 0.001 |
| ARBs | 42 (13) | 32 (8) | 0.015 |
| Beta blockers | 197 (43) | 217 (33) | 0.001 |
| Statins | 266 (59) | 262 (40) | < 0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 122 (27) | 113 (17) | < 0.001 |
| Nitrates | 67 (15) | 78 (12) | 0.169 |
| Aldosterone receptor antagonist | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 1.000 |
| Diuretics | 75 (20) | 70 (13) | 0.004 |